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as people are paying more and more attention to the condition of ozone layer and greenhouse gas emissions, searching of an alternative refrigerant will be inevitable. countries all over the world are very cautious on the selection of eco-friendly refrigerant because refrigerant usage covers a very wide range and is tricky to complete the replacement.
now there are two solutions. one is r410a and r32 which are used in the u.s.a., japan and other countries. however, r410a refrigerant is just a transitional substitute due to its relatively high gwp (2088). r32 refrigerant, with zero odp and 675 gwp, is very much favored by japanese companies at present.
the second solution is r290 refrigerant (odp: 0; gwp＜20) used in china, germany, sweden, etc, which is known as the “extremely promising eco-friendly refrigerant”. so far, china’s indoor air conditioners are mainly using r22 and r410a, contributing to 1.1 billion of carbon dioxide equivalent (co2e) emissions. if r290 refrigerant is used as an alternative, co2e emissions can be reduced to 53 million.
as one of the largest producers and consumers of air conditioners in the world, if china selects r290 refrigerant, it will bring immediate impact on the global market trend. since 2007, china has begun r&d and pilot projects for r290 refrigerant. the results are satisfactory. china will make more efforts to retrofit the production lines of these pilot projects.
in terms of the numbers of users, r290 is undoubtedly the winner. but in the refrigerant itself, r32, allowing ten times more refrigerant charge than r290, covers a wider application range, although it gives higher gwp. the two refrigerants have their goods and bads. which one of them will win out is still up in the air.